By ECZ Study Tool, September 18, 2023
A molecule is a tiny group of atoms that are bonded together. It is a tiny chemical building made by connecting atoms in specific ways. These atoms can be of the same type, like in oxygen gas (O2), where two oxygen atoms are bonded together, or they can be different types, like in water (H2O), which is made of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Molecules are the basic units of chemical compounds, and they determine the properties of different substances in chemistry.
Molecules can vary in size and complexity.
Some molecules are very simple, with just a few atoms, while others can be
quite large and complex, consisting of many atoms bonded together in a specific
arrangement. The way atoms are connected in a molecule is crucial because it
determines the molecule's properties and how it behaves in chemical reactions.
In a molecule, atoms are held
together by chemical bonds, which are like the glue that keeps them attached to
each other. The type of bond can vary. For example, in a water molecule (H2O),
hydrogen and oxygen atoms are held together by covalent bonds, where they share
electrons. In table salt (NaCl), sodium and chlorine atoms are joined by ionic
bonds, where one atom donates an electron to the other.
Molecules can be found all around
us, in the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the substances that make up
living organisms. They can be simple, like the oxygen we need to survive, or
complex, like the DNA that carries genetic information. Understanding molecules
is essential in chemistry because it helps us explain the properties and
behavior of matter, from the tiniest particles to the largest compounds.
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