By ECZ Study Tool, September 27, 2023
An ecosystem is a community of living organisms such as plants, animals and microorganisms that interact with each other and their physical environment. It includes all the living and nonliving components in a specific area, working together as a self-contained, interconnected system.
Ecosystems are like mini worlds
where life thrives, and they come in various sizes, from a small pond to a vast
forest or even the entire planet. They consist of two main components:
Biotic Living Components: These
include all the living organisms within the ecosystem, such as plants, animals,
fungi and microorganisms. These organisms interact with each other through
processes like predation, competition, and mutualism.
Abiotic Nonliving Components: These
encompass the nonliving elements in the ecosystem, such as air, water, soil,
sunlight, and temperature. Abiotic factors influence the distribution and
behavior of biotic components. For example, temperature affects which plants
can grow in a particular region, which, in turn, influences the animals that
live there.
Ecosystems are characterized by
energy flow and the cycling of matter. Solar energy is captured by plants
through photosynthesis, and this energy then flows through the ecosystem as
animals consume plants or other animals. Nutrients like carbon, nitrogen, and
phosphorus cycle through the ecosystem, being used and recycled by different
organisms.
Understanding ecosystems is vital
in biology and environmental science because it helps us appreciate the
delicate balance of nature and how human activities can impact these systems.
It also highlights the interconnectedness of all living things and their
environments.
When preparing for your ECZ exams, one of the most powerful tools at your disposal is a collection of past papers. These are more than just old exam questions; they're a sneak peek into the structure, format, and type of problems you’ll encounter on test day.
Preparing for the Examinations Council of Zambia (ECZ) exams can be daunting, especially for challenging subjects like science and mathematics.
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