By ECZ Study Tool, September 18, 2023
A chemical bond is a strong connection that holds atoms together in a molecule or a compound. Think of it as a 'glue' that keeps atoms attached to each other. Chemical bonds are formed when atoms share electrons or transfer them to achieve a stable, balanced arrangement of electrons in their outermost energy levels. These bonds are responsible for creating and stabilizing the structure of all matter.
There are two main types of chemical bonds:
Covalent Bond: In a covalent bond,
atoms share electrons to fill their outermost energy levels. This sharing
creates a strong connection between the atoms. Covalent bonds are typically
found in molecules composed of nonmetals. For example, in a water molecule
(H2O), the hydrogen atoms and the oxygen atom share electrons to form covalent
bonds, holding the molecule together.
Ionic Bond: In an ionic bond, atoms
transfer electrons to one another, resulting in the formation of ions with
opposite charges. These ions are attracted to each other due to their opposite
charges, creating a strong bond. Ionic bonds are naturally found in compounds
composed of metals and nonmetals. For example, in table salt (NaCl), sodium
(Na) donates an electron to chlorine (Cl), forming positively charged sodium
ions (Na+) and negatively charged chloride ions (Cl-), which are attracted to
each other.
Chemical bonds are essential in
chemistry because they determine the structure and properties of substances.
Different types of bonds give rise to various compounds, each with its own
unique characteristics. Understanding chemical bonds is crucial for explaining
the behavior of matter in chemical reactions and the formation of new
substances.
When preparing for your ECZ exams, one of the most powerful tools at your disposal is a collection of past papers. These are more than just old exam questions; they're a sneak peek into the structure, format, and type of problems you’ll encounter on test day.
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