By ECZ Study Tool, September 21, 2023
A base is a substance that, when dissolved in water, releases negatively charged hydroxide ions (OH-). Bases typically taste bitter, feel slippery to the touch, and have a pH value greater than 7 on the pH scale. They are known for their ability to react with and neutralize acids, forming water and salts in the process.
Bases can take various forms, such
as liquid solutions, solids, or even gases when dissolved in water. Common
examples of bases include sodium hydroxide (NaOH), found in many cleaning
products; ammonia (NH3), often used in household cleaners; and magnesium
hydroxide (Mg(OH)2), found in antacids.
Here are some key characteristics
and properties of bases:
Alkalinity: Bases are often referred to as alkaline substances
because they have a pH greater than 7 on the pH scale. Note that the higher the
pH the stronger the base.
Hydroxide Ion Donors: Bases are defined by their ability to donate
hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water. This donation of OH- ions is what
makes a solution basic.
Neutralization: Bases have the opposite effect of acids. When a
base reacts with an acid, they neutralize each other, forming water and a salt.
This reaction is important in various chemical processes and is often used to
balance pH levels.
Slippery Feel: Bases can feel slippery or soapy when touched, which
is why they are found in many cleaning products and soaps.
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